一次民机飞行中甚高频通信不稳定的排故

针对某型号民用飞机甚高频通信系统在飞行中出现断续故障的情况，对系统的架构进行描述，分析了故障产生的机理，提出了排故思路，记述了排故过程，并总结了甚高频通信系统的设计要点和工艺要点。     

W波段UAV MISAR实时成像运动补偿方法

建立了实时成像正侧视合成孔径雷达(SAR)运动误差模型,采用了一种基于惯导和相位梯度自聚焦(PGA)运动误差估计的中心波束平面运动补偿算法。该算法对回波包络和相位进行分开补偿,利用惯导数据把带有运动误差的回波包络拉直,再利用相位梯度自聚焦算法对回波进行相位误差估计并补偿。针对实时成像的时间少、运算量大、运算资源受限等特点,该算法取消了距离徙动校正的步骤,将运动误差矢量在斜距平面投影并完成包络校正和相位误差估计。该方法运算量小,同时能满足分辨率要求。仿真结果表明:该方法能够得到质量较高的SAR图像。     

Abnormal changes of dynamic derivatives at low reduced frequencies

A number of studies have found that abnormal changes of dynamic derivatives occurred at very low reduced frequencies, but its inducement mechanism is not very clear. This paper has researched the abnormal changes and analyzed the influence on some parameters by solving the unsteady flow around forced oscillation airfoils based on Navier-Stokes equations. Results indicate that when the reduced frequency approaches to zero, the dynamic derivatives obtained by the numerical method will diverge. We have also proven it in theory that this phenomenon is not physical but completely caused by numerical singularity. Furthermore, the abnormal phenomenon can be effectively mitigated by using the time spectral method to solve the aerodynamic forces and the integral method to obtain the dynamic derivatives. When the reduced frequency is in the range of 0.001–0.01, the dynamic derivative maintains nearly unchanged for the whole speed region. This study can provide a reference for the reasonable choice of the reduced frequency in calculations and experiments of dynamic derivatives.     

稀薄大气下机械展开式再入飞行器气动特性研究

以机械展开式再入飞行器为研究对象,采用DSMC(直接蒙特卡洛模拟)方法计算分析了其在稀薄大气环境下的气动特性.讨论了飞行器在不同高度下的流场特性和升阻及配平特性,结果表明飞行器流场及受力特性对大气稀薄程度显示出较强的敏感性;进一步分析了连续流过渡至稀薄大气下飞行器的阻力系数,得出了随着来流Knudsen数增加,大气稀薄效应逐渐显现,传统的CFD方法已不再适用于描述流动特征的结论,同时给出了依据来流Knudsen数大小采取CFD和DSMC方法分别进行计算分析的建议.     

WGS-84模型下时差频差半定规划定位算法

利用多颗卫星的时差频差对辐射源进行位置和速度的测量,其本质意义上是一个含有噪声项的高度非线性方程组求解问题,针对地面目标而言,可以采用基于WGS-84地球模型作为目标位置和速度约束,更进一步的增加了定位系统的复杂性。提出了一种基于半定规划(SDP)的定位解算法,将非线性方程求解问题通过适当的松弛,转化为半定优化(SDO)的问题,借助于业界较为成熟的CVX等优化软件进行定位求解,并研究了该模型条件下的克拉美罗下界(CRLB)。仿真结果表明,该算法能够较好地逼近克拉美罗下界。     

控制系统延迟对轴扭振的影响

控制系统中的轴扭振会引起系统控制量的振荡,加大机械传动装置磨损,甚至会导致传动轴断裂。在工业应用中,多采用陷波滤波器抑制轴扭振,而陷波频率的选取通常未考虑控制系统延迟因素。基于电机角速度增量、轴转矩增量和电机电磁转矩增量的相位图,分析了控制系统延迟对轴扭振频率的影响。仿真结果对分析结论给予了验证。     

Sound insulation performance of plates with interconnected distributed piezoelectric patches

This paper deals with the sound insulation performance of a thin plate with intercon-nected distributed piezoelectric patches. Piezoelectric patches are periodically bonded on the sur-faces of the plate in a collocated fashion, and are interconnected via an inductive circuit network. This piezoelectric system is termed as piezo-electromechanical (PEM) plate in the paper. Homogenization methods are involved under a sub-wavelength assumption to analytically develop the dynamical equations for the PEM plate. The dispersion relationships and energy densities of the wave modes propagating in the PEM plate are studied;the sub-wavelength assumption is verified for the simulations in this paper. The coincidence frequency of the PEM plate is researched, and results show that the coincidence frequency of the PEM plate will disappear at certain circum-stances;mathematical and physical explanations are made for this phenomenon. The disappearance of the coincidence frequency is used to optimize the value of inductance, for the purpose of improv-ing the sound transmission loss of the PEM plate.     

电机变频控制实现换热器节能的应用研究

结合寒冷地区气候特点与通信机房温控的现状,针对50%浓度乙二醇溶液为工质的换热器,试验研究了自然冷源利用率与换热器自身变频节能的关系。结合乙二醇冷剂的特性,通过建立功率与频率关系模型、温差与功率和频率关系模型,实现了换热器循环泵和风机的变频控制策略。结果表明:在室内外温差、换热功率与循环泵、风机频率同时满足的条件下,以功率模型作为参数进行换热器自身的变频节能是可行的。通过对哈尔滨地区的气候数据与散热房控温试验分析,证明了乙二醇换热器的变频节能效果。     

PWM低速爬行状态系统波动分析

脉宽调制技术（PWM）在自动控制领域有着广泛的应用。然而，在实际工程应用的过程中，包含PWM的系统在低速驱动的条件下难以达到高精度速度指标的要求。在工程实践经验的基础上，对这一问题进行详细分析，提出PWM的截断效应和移频效应引起波动的理论，并结合典型的机电伺服系统模型进行仿真，完成仿真层面的验证。仿真结果展示了机电伺服系统在低转速状态下由于PWM的截断效应引起转速波动的现象，契合了实际系统中表现的情况，验证了截断效应和移频效应的正确性，为提高系统精度指标提供了依据。     

扑旋翼飞行器气动特性分析及机翼拓扑优化设计

建立微型扑旋翼飞行器运动学模型,基于面元法研究低雷诺数下非定常场中扑旋翼飞行器的气动特性,得到机翼气动特性和一个工作周期内的最大气动载荷。建立扑旋翼飞行器机翼有限元模型,基于变密度法和独立连续映射法(Independent continuous mapping,ICM)对机翼进行静力学和动力学拓扑优化设计,通过改变机翼拓扑结构优化机翼模态频率,得到同时满足结构静力学和动力学要求的扑旋翼飞行器机翼拓扑结构。本文为扑旋翼飞行器机翼结构优化设计提供了基本思路和研究基础。